{"id":70980,"date":"2023-05-17T14:18:21","date_gmt":"2023-05-17T18:18:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ideascale.com\/%e5%8d%9a%e5%ae%a2\/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e5%ae%9a%e6%80%a7%e8%a7%82%e5%af%9f\/"},"modified":"2024-01-29T07:58:48","modified_gmt":"2024-01-29T11:58:48","slug":"%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e5%ae%9a%e6%80%a7%e8%a7%82%e5%af%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/zh-hans\/%e5%8d%9a%e5%ae%a2\/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e5%ae%9a%e6%80%a7%e8%a7%82%e5%af%9f\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\uff1f \u5b9a\u4e49\u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u793a\u4f8b\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u505a\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-right-small:0px;--awb-padding-left-small:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\" style=\"--awb-font-size:22px;\"><p><strong><b>\u76ee\u5f55<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"awb-toc-el awb-toc-el--1\" data-awb-toc-id=\"1\" data-awb-toc-options=\"{&quot;allowed_heading_tags&quot;:{&quot;h2&quot;:0},&quot;ignore_headings&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;ignore_headings_words&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;enable_cache&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;highlight_current_heading&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;hide_hidden_titles&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;limit_container&quot;:&quot;all&quot;,&quot;select_custom_headings&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:&quot;fa-flag fas&quot;,&quot;counter_type&quot;:&quot;decimal&quot;}\" style=\"--awb-counter-type:counters(awb-toc, &quot;.&quot;, decimal) &quot;. &quot;;\"><div class=\"awb-toc-el__content\"><ul class=\"awb-toc-el__list awb-toc-el__list--0\"><li class=\"awb-toc-el__list-item\"><a class=\"awb-toc-el__item-anchor\" href=\"#toc\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\uff1f<\/a><\/li><li class=\"awb-toc-el__list-item\"><a class=\"awb-toc-el__item-anchor\" href=\"#toc__1\">\u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b<\/a><\/li><li class=\"awb-toc-el__list-item\"><a class=\"awb-toc-el__item-anchor\" href=\"#toc_7\">7 \u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/a><\/li><li class=\"awb-toc-el__list-item\"><a class=\"awb-toc-el__item-anchor\" href=\"#toc__2\">\u516b\u5927\u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><h2 class=\"\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u901a\u8fc7\u975e\u6570\u5b57\u6570\u636e\u4e86\u89e3\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u6587\u5316\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u73b0\u8c61\u3002 \u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5206\u6790\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u4e3b\u89c2\u4f53\u9a8c\u3001\u4e86\u89e3\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u3002  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u6240\u4f9d\u636e\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u662f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u76f8\u5173\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u548c\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u591a\u79cd\u73b0\u5b9e\u60c5\u51b5\u3002 \u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u5065\u7b49\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4ee5\u63a2\u7d22\u590d\u6742\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u6587\u5316\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u73b0\u8c61\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\uff1a\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u70b9  <\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u6709\u522b\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/zh-hans\/%e5%8d%9a%e5%ae%a2\/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e5%ae%9a%e9%87%8f%e8%a7%82%e5%af%9f\/\">\u5b9a\u91cf\u89c2\u5bdf<\/a>\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u4e3b\u89c2\u6027\uff1a  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u4e3b\u89c2\u4f53\u9a8c\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u6240\u6536\u96c6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002 \u5b83\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u548c\u7ecf\u5386\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u5468\u56f4\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u5468\u56f4\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u60c5\u5883\u6027\uff1a  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u89e3\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002 \u5b83\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u6587\u5316\u56e0\u7d20\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u4e2a\u4eba\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u4e92\u52a8\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u6574\u4f53\u6027\uff1a <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u901a\u8fc7\u7814\u7a76\u73b0\u8c61\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u529b\u6c42\u5168\u9762\u4e86\u89e3\u6240\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff1a<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u5177\u6709\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u9002\u5e94\u6027\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u6839\u636e\u65b0\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\u548c\u65b0\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8c03\u6574\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u624b\u6bb5\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u5f52\u7eb3\u6cd5\uff1a <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5f52\u7eb3\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u6839\u636e\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u63d0\u51fa\u5047\u8bbe\u548c\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u68c0\u9a8c\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u6216\u7406\u8bba\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\uff1a <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u4fa7\u91cd\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u548c\u53d9\u8ff0\u6765\u6355\u6349\u4eba\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u6027\u548c\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/zh-hans\/%e5%8d%9a%e5%ae%a2\/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e5%ae%9a%e6%80%a7%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6\/\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5b9a\u6027\u7814\u7a76\uff1f <\/a> <\/b><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\">\u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload aligncenter wp-image-58632 size-fusion-600\" src=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/qualitative-observation-descriptive-2-600x389.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/qualitative-observation-descriptive-2-600x389.jpg\" alt=\"\u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\" width=\"600\" height=\"389\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27389%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20600%20389%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27389%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/qualitative-observation-descriptive-2-200x130.jpg 200w, https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/qualitative-observation-descriptive-2-300x194.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/qualitative-observation-descriptive-2-400x259.jpg 400w, https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/qualitative-observation-descriptive-2-600x389.jpg 600w, https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/qualitative-observation-descriptive-2.jpg 715w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u901a\u8fc7\u53c2\u4e0e\u89c2\u5bdf\u3001\u8bbf\u8c08\u3001\u7126\u70b9\u5c0f\u7ec4\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5206\u6790\u7b49\u6280\u672f\u6536\u96c6\u6570\u636e\u3002 \u6536\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u73b0\u573a\u7b14\u8bb0\u3001\u8bb0\u5f55\u8a8a\u672c\u6216\u5f55\u97f3\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u5bb9\u5206\u6790\u3001\u4e3b\u9898\u5206\u6790\u548c\u8bdd\u8bed\u5206\u6790\u7b49\u5404\u79cd<a href=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/zh-hans\/%e5%8d%9a%e5%ae%a2\/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e7%84%a6%e7%82%b9%e5%b0%8f%e7%bb%84\/\">\u5b9a\u6027\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u6280\u672f<\/a>\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7528\u6765\u6536\u96c6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>1.\u53c2\u4e0e\u89c2\u5bdf\uff1a  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u8fd9\u7c7b\u89c2\u5bdf\u6d89\u53ca\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u76f4\u63a5\u53c2\u4e0e\u6240\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u6216\u884c\u4e3a\u3002 \u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u88ab\u7814\u7a76\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u4e00\u5458\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdc\u8ddd\u79bb\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u505a\u7b14\u8bb0\u6216\u8bb0\u5f55\u6570\u636e\u3002 \u4eba\u79cd\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u53c2\u4e0e\u89c2\u5bdf\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>2.\u975e\u53c2\u4e0e\u89c2\u5bdf\uff1a  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c2\u5bdf\u662f\u6307\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4ece\u8fdc\u5904\u89c2\u5bdf\u88ab\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u6216\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u79ef\u6781\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002 \u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u89c2\u5bdf\u65f6\u505a\u7b14\u8bb0\u6216\u8bb0\u5f55\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u8c08\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6536\u96c6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>3.\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u89c2\u5bdf\uff1a  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u89c2\u5bdf\u662f\u6307\u4ee5\u7cfb\u7edf\u5316\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u89c2\u5bdf\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6216\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002 \u91c7\u7528\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u89c2\u5bdf\u6cd5\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6838\u5bf9\u8868\u6216\u8bc4\u5206\u8868\u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u6240\u89c2\u5bdf\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>4.\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u89c2\u5bdf\uff1a  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u89c2\u5bdf\u662f\u6307\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u9884\u5b9a\u6838\u5bf9\u8868\u6216\u8bc4\u5206\u8868\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u89c2\u5bdf\u884c\u4e3a\u6216\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002 \u91c7\u7528\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u89c2\u5bdf\u6cd5\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb0\u5f55\u6216\u5f55\u5236\u97f3\u9891\u6216\u89c6\u9891\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u6355\u6349\u6240\u89c2\u5bdf\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u6027\u548c\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>5.\u53d9\u8ff0\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\uff1a  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u53d9\u4e8b\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u662f\u6307\u5728\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6216\u884c\u4e3a\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u53d9\u4e8b\u6216\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002 \u91c7\u7528\u53d9\u4e8b\u89c2\u5bdf\u6cd5\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5f55\u97f3\u6216\u5f55\u50cf\u6765\u6355\u6349\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u6765\u8865\u5145\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>6.\u81ea\u7136\u89c2\u5bdf\uff1a  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u81ea\u7136\u89c2\u5bdf\u662f\u6307\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u89c2\u5bdf\u884c\u4e3a\u6216\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u8fdb\u884c\u5e72\u9884\u6216\u64cd\u7eb5\u3002 \u91c7\u7528\u81ea\u7136\u89c2\u5bdf\u6cd5\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff08\u5982\u5de5\u4f5c\u573a\u6240\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u6216\u5bb6\u5ead\u73af\u5883\uff09\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e2a\u4eba\u6216\u7fa4\u4f53\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>7.\u7cfb\u7edf\u89c2\u6d4b\uff1a  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7cfb\u7edf\u89c2\u5bdf\u662f\u6307\u4ee5\u7cfb\u7edf\u5316\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u89c2\u5bdf\u884c\u4e3a\u6216\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7c7b\u522b\u6216\u4ee3\u7801\u8bb0\u5f55\u6570\u636e\u3002 \u91c7\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u89c2\u5bdf\u6cd5\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6848\u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u7279\u5b9a\u884c\u4e3a\u6216\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6765\u5206\u6790\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u786e\u5b9a\u6a21\u5f0f\u6216\u4e3b\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/zh-hans\/%e5%8d%9a%e5%ae%a2\/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e5%b8%82%e5%9c%ba%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6\/\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5e02\u573a\u8c03\u7814\uff1f<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\">7 \u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u5305\u62ec\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u4eba\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u4e8b\u4ef6\u548c\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u6765\u6536\u96c6\u6570\u636e\u3002 \u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u793a\u4f8b 1\uff1a\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66  <\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u5bb6\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u4e00\u4e2a\u504f\u8fdc\u90e8\u843d\u7684\u6587\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u8be5\u90e8\u843d\u751f\u6d3b\u5f88\u957f\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5e76\u505a\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4e60\u4fd7\u3001\u4fe1\u4ef0\u548c\u4f20\u7edf\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u5bb6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e00\u4e2a\u90e8\u843d\u7684\u821e\u8e48\u4eea\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0b\u5404\u79cd\u52a8\u4f5c\u3001\u4f34\u594f\u97f3\u4e50\u548c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u793a\u4f8b 2\uff1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u5728\u8bfe\u5802\u4e0a\u89c2\u5bdf\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0b\u5b69\u5b50\u4e0e\u540c\u4f34\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u3001\u53c2\u4e0e\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\u548c\u8868\u60c5\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u793e\u4ea4\u4e92\u52a8\u65b9\u9762\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5f88\u5403\u529b\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u5e76\u6ce8\u610f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u9762\u90e8\u8868\u60c5\u3001\u8bed\u6c14\u548c\u80a2\u4f53\u8bed\u8a00\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u793a\u4f8b 3\uff1a\u5e02\u573a\u8c03\u7814<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5728<a href=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/zh-hans\/%e5%8d%9a%e5%ae%a2\/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e5%b8%82%e5%9c%ba%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6\/\">\u5e02\u573a\u8c03\u7814<\/a>\u4e2d\u89c2\u5bdf\u8d2d\u7269\u8005\u5728\u5546\u5e97\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u8d2d\u7269\u8005\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5982\u4ed6\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u6d4f\u89c8\u5546\u5e97\u3001\u62ff\u8d77\u5e76\u68c0\u67e5\u54ea\u4e9b\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u4e0e\u5546\u5e97\u7684\u9648\u5217\u54c1\u4e92\u52a8\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5e02\u573a\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u89c2\u5bdf\u6742\u8d27\u5e97\u7684\u8d2d\u7269\u8005\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u54ea\u4e9b\u8d27\u67b6\u4e0a\u82b1\u8d39\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6700\u591a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u4eec\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u4f8b 4. \u793e\u4f1a\u5b66<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7814\u7a76\u793e\u533a\u793e\u4f1a\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u5bb6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u89c2\u5bdf\u793e\u533a\u96c6\u4f1a\uff0c\u5982\u8282\u65e5\u6216\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f55\u793e\u533a\u6210\u5458\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u3001\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u76f8\u4e92\u6c9f\u901a\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u5bb6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e00\u6b21\u793e\u533a\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0b\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u3001\u53d1\u8a00\u6700\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u89c1\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u793a\u4f8b 5\uff1a\u827a\u672f<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u4e00\u4f4d\u89c2\u5bdf\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u5728\u521b\u4f5c\u98ce\u666f\u753b\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u89c2\u5bdf\u81ea\u7136\u73af\u5883\u7684\u989c\u8272\u3001\u5f62\u72b6\u548c\u7eb9\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c2\u5bdf\u7ed3\u679c\u521b\u4f5c\u51fa\u7ec6\u81f4\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u98ce\u666f\u753b\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u89c2\u5bdf\u65e5\u843d\uff0c\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0b\u5929\u7a7a\u7684\u989c\u8272\u3001\u4e91\u6735\u7684\u5f62\u72b6\u548c\u98ce\u666f\u7684\u7eb9\u7406\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u793a\u4f8b 6\uff1a\u5386\u53f2<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7814\u7a76\u7279\u5b9a\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5206\u6790\u6587\u732e\u3001\u6587\u7269\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u539f\u59cb\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u8be5\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u80cc\u666f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f53\u65f6\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u89c2\u5bdf\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u4e00\u5e45\u753b\u4f5c\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u610f\u4e49\u3001\u98ce\u683c\u548c\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u6587\u5316\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u80cc\u666f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u4f8b 7\uff1a\u5185\u5bb9\u5206\u6790<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5185\u5bb9\u5206\u6790\u662f\u4e00\u79cd<a href=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/zh-hans\/%e5%8d%9a%e5%ae%a2\/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e5%ae%9a%e6%80%a7%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6\/\">\u5b9a\u6027\u7814\u7a76<\/a>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u5206\u6790\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u5a92\u4f53\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4ea4\u6d41\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002 \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u5bb9\u5206\u6790\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u65e8\u5728\u786e\u5b9a\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u4e3b\u9898\u548c\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u5e76\u4e86\u89e3\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4f55\u53cd\u6620\u6216\u5851\u9020\u793e\u4f1a\u6001\u5ea6\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/zh-hans\/%e5%8d%9a%e5%ae%a2\/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e7%84%a6%e7%82%b9%e5%b0%8f%e7%bb%84\/\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7126\u70b9\u5c0f\u7ec4\uff1f<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\">\u516b\u5927\u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload aligncenter wp-image-58633 size-fusion-600\" src=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/qualitative-observation-descriptive-1-600x366.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/qualitative-observation-descriptive-1-600x366.jpg\" alt=\"\u516b\u5927\u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\" width=\"600\" height=\"366\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27366%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20600%20366%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27366%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/qualitative-observation-descriptive-1-200x122.jpg 200w, https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/qualitative-observation-descriptive-1-300x183.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/qualitative-observation-descriptive-1-400x244.jpg 400w, https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/qualitative-observation-descriptive-1-600x366.jpg 600w, https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/qualitative-observation-descriptive-1.jpg 715w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u8ba9\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u4eba\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4e92\u52a8\u548c\u73b0\u8c61\u3002 \u4e3a\u786e\u4fdd\u5b9a\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u9075\u5faa\u6700\u4f73\u505a\u6cd5\u3002 \u901a\u8fc7\u91c7\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002 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400;\">\u4e0e\u88ab\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u5efa\u7acb\u4fe1\u4efb\u548c\u878d\u6d3d\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5bf9\u4e8e\u83b7\u5f97\u51c6\u786e\u548c\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002 \u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5e94\u5efa\u7acb\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u6c9f\u901a\u6e20\u9053\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u7814\u7a76\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u89e3\u51b3\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u7591\u8651\u6216\u95ee\u9898\u3002 \u521b\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u8212\u9002\u3001\u65e0\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9f13\u52b1\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>4.\u5c3d\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u504f\u5dee<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5f53\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u6216\u671f\u671b\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u88ab\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u504f\u5dee\u3002 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