{"id":70878,"date":"2023-09-08T02:16:26","date_gmt":"2023-09-08T06:16:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ideascale.com\/%e5%8d%9a%e5%ae%a2\/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1\/"},"modified":"2024-01-29T07:41:46","modified_gmt":"2024-01-29T11:41:46","slug":"%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/zh-hans\/%e5%8d%9a%e5%ae%a2\/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1f \u5b9a\u4e49\u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u793a\u4f8b"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-right-small:0px;--awb-padding-left-small:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\" style=\"--awb-font-size:22px;\"><p><strong><b>\u76ee\u5f55<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"awb-toc-el awb-toc-el--1\" data-awb-toc-id=\"1\" data-awb-toc-options=\"{&quot;allowed_heading_tags&quot;:{&quot;h2&quot;:0},&quot;ignore_headings&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;ignore_headings_words&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;enable_cache&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;highlight_current_heading&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;hide_hidden_titles&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;limit_container&quot;:&quot;all&quot;,&quot;select_custom_headings&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:&quot;fa-flag fas&quot;,&quot;counter_type&quot;:&quot;decimal&quot;}\" style=\"--awb-counter-type:counters(awb-toc, &quot;.&quot;, decimal) &quot;. &quot;;\"><div class=\"awb-toc-el__content\"><ul class=\"awb-toc-el__list awb-toc-el__list--0\"><li class=\"awb-toc-el__list-item\"><a class=\"awb-toc-el__item-anchor\" href=\"#toc\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u8a2d\u8a08\uff1f<\/a><\/li><li class=\"awb-toc-el__list-item\"><a class=\"awb-toc-el__item-anchor\" href=\"#toc_12\">12 \u7a2e\u7814\u7a76\u8a2d\u8a08<\/a><\/li><li class=\"awb-toc-el__list-item\"><a class=\"awb-toc-el__item-anchor\" href=\"#toc_16\">16 \u5927\u7814\u7a76\u8a2d\u8a08\u65b9\u6cd5<\/a><\/li><li class=\"awb-toc-el__list-item\"><a class=\"awb-toc-el__item-anchor\" href=\"#toc__1\">\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><h2 class=\"\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u6307\u5bfc\u7814\u7a76\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u89c4\u5212\u6216\u7ed3\u6784\u3002 \u5b83\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5f00\u5c55\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u84dd\u56fe\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7528\u4e8e\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5206\u6790\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6280\u672f\u3002 \u7cbe\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u4e8e\u786e\u4fdd\u5b9e\u73b0\u7814\u7a76\u76ee\u6807\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8981\u7d20\u5305\u62ec<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u7814\u7a76\u76ee\u6807\uff1a  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u660e\u786e\u754c\u5b9a\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u3002 \u7814\u7a76\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u6216\u5047\u8bbe\uff1a  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u9488\u5bf9\u7814\u7a76\u76ee\u6807\u63d0\u51fa\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u6216\u5047\u8bbe\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u8fc7\u7a0b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6307\u5bfc\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u6570\u636e\u6536\u96c6\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u786e\u5b9a\u5982\u4f55\u6536\u96c6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u67e5\u3001\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3001\u89c2\u5bdf\u3001\u8bbf\u8c08\u3001\u6863\u6848\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u53d6\u6837\uff1a  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u51b3\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u4eba\u7fa4\u5e76\u9009\u62e9\u4ee3\u8868\u8be5\u4eba\u7fa4\u7684\u6837\u672c\u3002 \u62bd\u6837\u65b9\u6cd5\u591a\u79cd\u591a\u6837\uff0c\u5982\u968f\u673a\u62bd\u6837\u3001\u5206\u5c42\u62bd\u6837\u6216\u65b9\u4fbf\u62bd\u6837\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u6570\u636e\u6536\u96c6\u5de5\u5177\uff1a<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5f00\u53d1\u6216\u9009\u62e9\u6536\u96c6\u6570\u636e\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u5982\u95ee\u5377\u3001\u8c03\u67e5\u6216\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\uff1a<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u786e\u5b9a\u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u6790\u6240\u6536\u96c6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u6216\u5206\u6790\u6280\u672f\u3002 \u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u6d89\u53ca<a href=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/blog\/what-is-qualitative-research\/#toc_Qualitative_Research_Methods_The_Top_4_Techniques\">\u5b9a\u6027<\/a>\u6216<a href=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/blog\/what-is-quantitative-research\/#toc_Methodology\">\u5b9a\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5<\/a>\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/blog\/what-is-research\/\">\u7814\u7a76<\/a>\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u65f6\u95f4\u6846\u67b6\uff1a <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u786e\u5b9a\u7814\u7a76\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8868\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f55\u65f6\u6536\u96c6\u3001\u5206\u6790\u548c\u62a5\u544a\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u4f26\u7406\u8003\u8651\uff1a <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u89e3\u51b3\u4f26\u7406\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u83b7\u5f97\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u7684\u77e5\u60c5\u540c\u610f\u3001\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u7684\u9690\u79c1\u6027\u548c\u4fdd\u5bc6\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9075\u5b88\u4f26\u7406\u51c6\u5219\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u8d44\u6e90\uff1a <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u786e\u5b9a<a href=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/blog\/what-is-research\/\">\u7814\u7a76<\/a>\u5de5\u4f5c\u6240\u9700\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8d44\u91d1\u3001\u4eba\u5458\u3001\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u6570\u636e\u5c55\u793a\u548c\u62a5\u544a\uff1a <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u89c4\u5212\u5982\u4f55\u5c55\u793a\u548c\u62a5\u544a\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e66\u9762\u62a5\u544a\u3001\u6f14\u793a\u8fd8\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5982\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u89c2\u5bdf\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u8c03\u67e5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u7eb5\u5411\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u90fd\u9002\u5408\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u3002 \u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7ed3\u6784\u5408\u7406\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u786e\u4fdd\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u63a8\u5e7f\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u80fd\u591f\u5f97\u51fa\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u5176\u9886\u57df\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u505a\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\">12 \u79cd\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload aligncenter wp-image-58656 size-fusion-600\" src=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Research-design-descriptive-1-600x510.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Research-design-descriptive-1-600x510.jpg\" alt=\"\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\" width=\"600\" height=\"510\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27510%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20600%20510%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27510%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Research-design-descriptive-1-200x170.jpg 200w, https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Research-design-descriptive-1-300x255.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Research-design-descriptive-1-400x340.jpg 400w, https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Research-design-descriptive-1-600x510.jpg 600w, https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Research-design-descriptive-1.jpg 715w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u90fd\u662f\u4e3a\u56de\u7b54\u7279\u5b9a\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7279\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u800c\u91cf\u8eab\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\u3002 \u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u76ee\u6807\u3002 \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u51e0\u79cd\u5178\u578b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>1.\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u8bd5\u9a8c (RCT)\uff1a\u5728\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u8bd5\u9a8c\uff08RCT\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u88ab\u968f\u673a\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u6216\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u3002 \u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30\u6cbb\u7597\u6216\u5e72\u9884\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>2.\u51c6\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u975e\u7b49\u6548\u7ec4\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1a\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u7ec4\u522b\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u4f46\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u4e0d\u662f\u968f\u673a\u5206\u914d\u7684\u3002 \u5728\u968f\u673a\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u53ef\u884c\u6216\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>3.\u89c2\u5bdf\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u6a2a\u65ad\u9762\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u5728\u6a2a\u65ad\u9762\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u662f\u4ece\u5355\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u6536\u96c6\u7684\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u6216\u5dee\u5f02\u3002 \u5b83\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u957f\u671f\u8ddf\u8e2a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7eb5\u5411\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u662f\u6307\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u8f83\u957f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u6536\u96c6\u540c\u4e00\u7ec4\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\u800c\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>4.\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u8c03\u67e5\u662f\u6307\u901a\u8fc7\u95ee\u5377\u6216\u8bbf\u8c08\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ece\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u6536\u96c6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7279\u5f81\u3001\u6001\u5ea6\u6216\u610f\u89c1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\u6d89\u53ca\u5bf9\u5355\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4eba\u3001\u7fa4\u4f53\u6216\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u3002 \u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>5.\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7814\u7a76\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u786e\u5b9a\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>6.\u4e8b\u540e\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u68c0\u67e5\u73b0\u6709\u6761\u4ef6\u6216\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5e76\u56de\u987e\u6027\u5730\u5bfb\u627e\u6f5c\u5728\u539f\u56e0\u3002 \u5f53\u64cd\u4f5c\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0d\u53ef\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>7.\u63a2\u7d22\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u8bd5\u70b9\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u8bd5\u70b9\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u8bd5\u70b9\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u5728\u5168\u9762\u5f00\u5c55\u7814\u7a76\u9879\u76ee\u4e4b\u524d\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u521d\u6b65\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7814\u7a76 \u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u6536\u96c6\u521d\u6b65\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>8.\u961f\u5217\u7814\u7a76<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u961f\u5217\u7814\u7a76\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u8ddf\u8e2a\u4e00\u7ec4\u4eba\uff08\u961f\u5217\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u8bc4\u4f30\u7279\u5b9a\u7ed3\u679c\u6216\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002 \u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\u4e2d\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>9.\u884c\u52a8\u7814\u7a76<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u884c\u52a8\u7814\u7a76\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6559\u80b2\u6216\u7ec4\u7ec7\u73af\u5883\u3002 \u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4e0e\u4ece\u4e1a\u4eba\u5458\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u89e3\u51b3\u5b9e\u9645\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u505a\u51fa\u6539\u8fdb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>10.\u5143\u5206\u6790<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u835f\u8403\u5206\u6790\u6d89\u53ca\u5bf9\u540c\u4e00\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u591a\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u7edf\u8ba1\u7efc\u5408\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u6982\u89c8\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>11.\u4ea4\u53c9\u987a\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u6a2a\u65ad\u9762\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u7eb5\u5411\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8981\u7d20\uff0c\u5728\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0d\u540c\u7ec4\u7fa4\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u5e74\u9f84\u6709\u5173\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>12.\u57fa\u7840\u7406\u8bba<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u57fa\u7840\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9a\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\u6839\u636e\u7814\u7a76\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5efa\u7acb\u7406\u8bba\u6216\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5404\u6709\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u53ef\u7528\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u4f26\u7406\u8003\u8651\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9e\u73b0\u7814\u7a76\u76ee\u6807\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6027\u8d28\u3002 \u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u7b26\u5408\u5176\u7279\u5b9a\u7814\u7a76\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u9650\u5236\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><b>\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\uff1a<a class=\"in-cell-link\" href=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/blog\/what-is-research\/\" rel=\"noopener\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7814\u7a76\uff1f<\/a><\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\">16 \u5927\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u6307\u7528\u4e8e\u89c4\u5212\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u5f00\u5c55\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6280\u672f\u3002 \u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u6027\u8d28\u3002 \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5404\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>1.\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff1a\u5728\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u64cd\u7eb5\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u81ea\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u6d4b\u91cf\u5176\u5bf9\u56e0\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u63a7\u5236\u6df7\u6742\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>2.\u89c2\u5bdf\u6cd5<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u81ea\u7136\u89c2\u5bdf\uff1a\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u4e0d\u5e72\u9884\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u89c2\u5bdf\u548c\u8bb0\u5f55\u81ea\u7136\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002 \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u89c2\u5bdf\uff1a\u91c7\u7528\u4e00\u5957\u9884\u5148\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u6216\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u89c2\u5bdf\u65f6\u95f4\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u89c2\u5bdf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>3.\u8c03\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u95ee\u5377\u8c03\u67e5\uff1a\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u901a\u8fc7\u5411\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u53d1\u653e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u95ee\u5377\u6765\u6536\u96c6\u6570\u636e\u3002 \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4e8e\u6536\u96c6<a href=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/blog\/what-is-quantitative-research\/\">\u5b9a\u91cf\u7814\u7a76<\/a>\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u8bbf\u8c08\uff1a\u5728\u8bbf\u8c08\u4e2d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u76f4\u63a5\u5411\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u3002 \u8bbf\u8c08\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u53d6\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u3001\u534a\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6216\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>4.\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\u6cd5<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5355\u4e00\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u4ee5\u5355\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4eba\u6216\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e3a\u91cd\u70b9\uff0c\u5bf9\u8be5\u6848\u4f8b\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u591a\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u6d89\u53ca\u5bf9\u591a\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u5171\u6027\u6216\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>5.\u5185\u5bb9\u5206\u6790<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5206\u6790\u6587\u672c\u3001\u89c6\u89c9\u6216\u97f3\u9891\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u4e3b\u9898\u548c\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002 \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5a92\u4f53\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>6.\u5386\u53f2\u7814\u7a76<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u901a\u8fc7\u7814\u7a76\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u732e\u3001\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u5236\u54c1\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3001\u8d8b\u52bf\u548c\u80cc\u666f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>7.\u884c\u52a8\u7814\u7a76<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4e0e\u4ece\u4e1a\u4eba\u5458\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u89e3\u51b3\u5b9e\u9645\u95ee\u9898\u6216\u5b9e\u65bd\u5e72\u9884\u63aa\u65bd\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>8.\u4eba\u79cd\u5b66\u7814\u7a76<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u6c89\u6d78\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u5316\u6216\u793e\u4f1a\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u4fe1\u4ef0\u548c\u4e60\u4fd7\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>9.\u6a2a\u5411\u548c\u7eb5\u5411\u8c03\u67e5<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u6a2a\u65ad\u9762\u8c03\u67e5\u4ece\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u7684\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u6536\u96c6\u5355\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7eb5\u5411\u8c03\u67e5\u6536\u96c6\u540c\u4e00\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u8f83\u957f\u65f6\u671f\u5185\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u7814\u7a76\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\u800c\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>10.\u5143\u5206\u6790<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u6765\u81ea\u591a\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u91cf\u7efc\u5408\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e00\u7279\u5b9a\u4e3b\u9898\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u7684\u5168\u9762\u6982\u8ff0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>11.\u6df7\u5408\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7ed3\u5408<a href=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/blog\/what-is-qualitative-research\/#toc_Qualitative_Research_Methods_The_Top_4_Techniques\">\u5b9a\u6027<\/a>\u548c<a href=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/blog\/what-is-quantitative-research\/#toc_Methodology\">\u5b9a\u91cf\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5<\/a>\uff0c\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>12.\u57fa\u7840\u7406\u8bba<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u4e00\u79cd<a href=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/blog\/what-is-quantitative-research\/#toc_Methodology\">\u5b9a\u6027\u7814\u7a76<\/a>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u6839\u636e\u7814\u7a76\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5efa\u7acb\u7406\u8bba\u6216\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>13.\u6a21\u62df\u548c\u5efa\u6a21<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5229\u7528\u6570\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u6216\u8ba1\u7b97\u6a21\u578b\u6a21\u62df\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u5404\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>14.\u8c03\u67e5\u5b9e\u9a8c<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u8c03\u67e5\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u8981\u7d20\uff0c\u4f7f\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u8c03\u67e5\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u64cd\u7eb5\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>15.\u75c5\u4f8b\u5bf9\u7167\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u961f\u5217\u7814\u7a76<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u75be\u75c5\u548c\u5065\u5eb7\u7ed3\u679c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u548c\u98ce\u9669\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>16.\u4ea4\u53c9\u987a\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7ed3\u5408\u6a2a\u65ad\u9762\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u7eb5\u5411\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8981\u7d20\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u5e74\u9f84\u6709\u5173\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u961f\u5217\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5177\u4f53\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u5e94\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\u76ee\u6807\u3001\u6240\u9700\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u53ef\u7528\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u8003\u91cf\u548c\u6574\u4f53\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\u3002 \u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u9002\u5408\u5176\u7814\u7a76\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u76f8\u5173\u548c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><b>\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\uff1a<a class=\"in-cell-link\" href=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/zh-hans\/%e5%8d%9a%e5%ae%a2\/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6%e7%9b%ae%e6%a0%87\/\" rel=\"noopener\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u76ee\u6807\uff1f<\/a><\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\">\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload aligncenter wp-image-58657 size-fusion-600\" src=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Research-design-descriptive-2-600x832.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Research-design-descriptive-2-600x832.jpg\" alt=\"\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b9e\u4f8b\" width=\"600\" height=\"832\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27832%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20600%20832%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27832%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Research-design-descriptive-2-200x277.jpg 200w, https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Research-design-descriptive-2-216x300.jpg 216w, https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Research-design-descriptive-2-400x554.jpg 400w, https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Research-design-descriptive-2-600x832.jpg 600w, https:\/\/ideascale.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Research-design-descriptive-2.jpg 715w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u6839\u636e\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u5dee\u5f02\u3002 \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u5b66\u79d1\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1a  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u4e00\u5bb6\u5236\u836f\u516c\u53f8\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u8bd5\u9a8c (RCT)\uff0c\u4ee5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u836f\u7684\u7597\u6548\u3002 \u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u88ab\u968f\u673a\u5206\u914d\u5230\u4e24\u7ec4\uff1a\u4e00\u7ec4\u63a5\u53d7\u65b0\u836f\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u7ec4\u63a5\u53d7\u5b89\u6170\u5242\u3002 \u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u5bf9\u4e24\u7ec4\u4eba\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u65f6\u671f\u5185\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6d4b\u91cf\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u89c2\u5bdf\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1a <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u5bb6\u89c2\u5bdf\u7279\u5b9a\u9e1f\u7c7b\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u6816\u606f\u5730\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u89c5\u98df\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u4ea4\u914d\u4eea\u5f0f\u548c\u8fc1\u5f99\u4e60\u60ef\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u8c03\u67e5\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1a  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u4e00\u5bb6\u5e02\u573a\u8c03\u7814\u516c\u53f8\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u4ee5\u6536\u96c6\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5bf9\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u504f\u597d\u6570\u636e\u3002 \u4ed6\u4eec\u5411\u76ee\u6807\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u6837\u672c\u53d1\u653e\u8c03\u67e5\u95ee\u5377\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u7b54\u590d\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1a <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u5bf9\u4e00\u540d\u60a3\u6709\u7f55\u89c1\u5fc3\u7406\u969c\u788d\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u8fdb\u884c\u4e2a\u6848\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ee5\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u75c5\u56e0\u3001\u75c7\u72b6\u548c\u6f5c\u5728\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u5185\u5bb9\u5206\u6790\uff1a <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u5e16\u5b50\u7684\u5927\u578b\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u653f\u6cbb\u7ade\u9009\u671f\u95f4\u7684\u8206\u8bba\u548c\u60c5\u7eea\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u5386\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\uff1a <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u901a\u8fc7\u7814\u7a76\u4e66\u4fe1\u3001\u65e5\u8bb0\u548c\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u539f\u59cb\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u91cd\u73b0\u91cd\u5927\u5386\u53f2\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u524d\u56e0\u540e\u679c\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u884c\u52a8\u7814\u7a76\uff1a <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5b66\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u4e0e\u540c\u4e8b\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5728\u8bfe\u5802\u4e0a\u5b9e\u65bd\u65b0\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u65ad\u53cd\u601d\u548c\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30\u5176\u5bf9\u5b66\u751f\u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u679c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u4eba\u79cd\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff1a <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e0e\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u793e\u533a\u957f\u671f\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u5e76\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6587\u5316\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u6a2a\u65ad\u9762\u8c03\u67e5\uff1a <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u673a\u6784\u8fdb\u884c\u6a2a\u65ad\u9762\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u4ee5\u8bc4\u4f30\u7279\u5b9a\u5e74\u4efd\u7279\u5b9a\u5730\u533a\u4e0d\u540c\u5e74\u9f84\u7ec4\u7684\u5438\u70df\u7387\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u7eb5\u5411\u7814\u7a76\uff1a <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u53d1\u5c55\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u8ddf\u8e2a\u4e00\u7ec4\u513f\u7ae5\u4ece\u5a74\u513f\u671f\u5230\u9752\u6625\u671f\u7684\u6210\u957f\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u8ba4\u77e5\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u548c\u793e\u4ea4\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u5143\u5206\u6790\uff1a <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u6c47\u603b\u5e76\u5206\u6790\u6709\u5173\u7279\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u7597\u6cd5\u6709\u6548\u6027\u7684\u591a\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u5173\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u5168\u9762\u6982\u8ff0\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u6df7\u5408\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76\uff1a <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u5bb6\u5c06\u8c03\u67e5\u548c\u6df1\u5165\u8bbf\u8c08\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u793e\u533a\u53d1\u5c55\u8ba1\u5212\u5bf9\u5c45\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u57fa\u7840\u7406\u8bba\uff1a <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u5bb6\u5bf9\u65e0\u5bb6\u53ef\u5f52\u8005\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u8c08\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u5957\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u5bfc\u81f4\u65e0\u5bb6\u53ef\u5f52\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5e94\u5bf9\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u6a21\u62df\u548c\u5efa\u6a21\uff1a <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u6c14\u5019\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4f7f\u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6a21\u578b\u6a21\u62df\u5404\u79cd\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u6392\u653e\u65b9\u6848\u5bf9\u5168\u7403\u6c14\u6e29\u548c\u6d77\u5e73\u9762\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u75c5\u4f8b\u5bf9\u7167\u7814\u7a76\uff1a <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\u5bb6\u901a\u8fc7\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e00\u7ec4\u611f\u67d3\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u4eba\uff08\u75c5\u4f8b\uff09\u548c\u4e00\u7ec4\u672a\u611f\u67d3\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u4eba\uff08\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\uff09\u6765\u8c03\u67e5\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u7206\u53d1\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u627e\u51fa\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f8b\u5b50\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u9886\u57df\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u5404\u79cd\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5404\u79cd\u7814\u7a76\u76ee\u6807\u800c\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u591a\u79cd\u591a\u6837\u3002 \u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u6839\u636e\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u5408\u9002\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><b>\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<a class=\"in-cell-link\" href=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/zh-hans\/%e5%8d%9a%e5%ae%a2\/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e7%ab%9e%e4%ba%89%e6%80%a7%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6\/\" 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