{"id":83847,"date":"2022-03-16T15:22:33","date_gmt":"2022-03-16T19:22:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/viblog\/so-do-tuan-tu-va-so-do-hoat-dong\/"},"modified":"2024-06-20T07:06:22","modified_gmt":"2024-06-20T11:06:22","slug":"so-do-tuan-tu-va-so-do-hoat-dong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/vi\/viblog\/so-do-tuan-tu-va-so-do-hoat-dong\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 so v\u1edbi S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng: S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u hai lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean xem qua to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML.<\/p>\n

Theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, UML ho\u1eb7c Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf? <\/b><\/p>\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i ch\u00fang sau khi ch\u00fang ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m h\u00ecnh dung c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 cho c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ca s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 giao ti\u1ebfp, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v.v.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1<\/h2>\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p con c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o trong UML.<\/p>\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 n\u00e0o. C\u00e1c m\u1eabu n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia kinh doanh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ghi l\u1ea1i quy tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 ch\u00fang m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9ng nhau. V\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chi ti\u1ebft. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch v\u00ec ch\u00fang th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n logic t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ch\u00fang xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh kinh doanh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u b\u01b0\u1edbc, tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 ch\u00fang cho ph\u00e9p tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u1ea5t. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i vi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lu\u1ed3ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

L\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 & S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n

D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 gi\u1eefa s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a<\/b><\/p>\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nghi ng\u1edd g\u00ec n\u1eefa, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh<\/b><\/p>\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y sang \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo th\u1eddi gian, ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh lu\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3u<\/b><\/p>\n

V\u00ec tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 n\u00ean ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. V\u00ec v\u1eady ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/b><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1ee5c trong m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng duy nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 lu\u1ed3ng logic c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3.<\/p>\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng chung c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 hai lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00e1c nhau. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y sang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng hi\u1ec3u logic c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y sang \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p\/s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam: S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Venn l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0 \u0111ang suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn kh\u00e1c nhau, hy v\u1ecdng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap l\u00e0m r\u00f5 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML, h\u00e3y xem b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tr\u00ean B\u1ea3ng tr\u1eafng IdeaScale<\/a> .<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hai s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 g\u00ec? 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