S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n
S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML (Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c nhau trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1eadp t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/span><\/p>\nC\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/b><\/p>\n\n- D\u00e2y c\u1ee9u sinh: <\/b>Ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ri\u00eang l\u1ebb li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. M\u1ed7i d\u00e2y c\u1ee9u sinh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 t\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Tin nh\u1eafn:<\/b> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u0169i t\u00ean ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ngang n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c d\u00e2y c\u1ee9u sinh, bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3. Tin nh\u1eafn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 (ch\u1eb7n) ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 (kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eb7n) v\u00e0 ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nh\u00e3n m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Thanh k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t: <\/b>Ch\u00fang th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p ho\u1eb7c h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean d\u00e2y c\u1ee9u sinh v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i tin nh\u1eafn: <\/b>Ch\u00fang cho bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tin nh\u1eafn m\u00e0 n\u00f3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ee9t n\u00e9t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- C\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn:<\/b> S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn thay th\u1ebf, gi\u00fap minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c nhau trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch cho nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/b><\/p>\n\n- Hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a lu\u1ed3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan, bao g\u1ed3m nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kinh doanh.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn ho\u1eb7c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Nh\u00ecn chung, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ed9ng trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fang b\u1ed5 sung cho c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp v\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ca s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/p>\nV\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1<\/h2>\n
H\u00e3y t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ATM (M\u00e1y r\u00fat ti\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng) c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng khi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng r\u00fat ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t.<\/span><\/p>\nTi\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1: R\u00fat ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t ATM<\/i><\/strong><\/p>\nD\u00e2y c\u1ee9u sinh:<\/span><\/p>\nKh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/span><\/p>\nATM<\/span><\/i><\/p>\nTin nh\u1eafn:<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n\n- Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng -> ATM: \u0110\u01b0a th\u1ebb v\u00e0o<\/span><\/li>\n
- ATM -> Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng: X\u00e1c minh th\u1ebb<\/span><\/li>\n
- Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng -> ATM: Nh\u1eadp m\u00e3 PIN<\/span><\/li>\n
- ATM -> Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng: X\u00e1c minh m\u00e3 PIN<\/span><\/li>\n
- Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng -> ATM: Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u r\u00fat ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t<\/span><\/li>\n
- ATM -> Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng: X\u00e1c minh ti\u1ec1n<\/span><\/li>\n
- Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng –> ATM: \u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t (ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i)<\/span><\/li>\n
- ATM -> Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng: Tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t<\/span><\/li>\n
- ATM -> Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng: \u0110\u1ea9y th\u1ebb ra<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
Gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh:<\/b><\/p>\n\n- S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng hai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y c\u1ee9u tr\u1ee3: “Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng” v\u00e0 “ATM”.<\/span><\/li>\n
- “Kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t” cho bi\u1ebft th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ed7i d\u00e2y c\u1ee9u sinh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ATM s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0a th\u1ebb v\u00e0o.<\/span><\/li>\n
- Tin nh\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n lu\u1ed3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1:<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\n- Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0a th\u1ebb v\u00e0o m\u00e1y ATM.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- ATM x\u00e1c minh th\u1ebb.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng nh\u1eadp m\u00e3 PIN c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- ATM x\u00e1c minh m\u00e3 PIN.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u r\u00fat ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- ATM li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh xem c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u1ec1n hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i m\u00e1y ATM b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- N\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn, ATM s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- ATM \u0111\u1ea9y th\u1ebb c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ra.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- “Kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t” \u1edf cu\u1ed1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ed7i d\u00e2y c\u1ee9u sinh ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac sau khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 th\u1ebb c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, trong khi ATM v\u1eabn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ATM trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh r\u00fat ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n khi b\u1ea1n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p, v.v.<\/span><\/p>\nT\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam: S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/b><\/p>\nS\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 trong UML<\/h2>\n
S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML (Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Ch\u00fang gi\u00fap m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a chu\u1ed7i c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ca s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1:<\/span><\/p>\n\n- D\u00e2y c\u1ee9u sinh: <\/b>Lifelines \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n tham gia t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 n\u00e9t \u0111\u1ee9t) v\u1edbi t\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Thanh k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t: <\/b>C\u00e1c thanh ngang n\u00e0y, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebd ph\u00eda tr\u00ean d\u00e2y c\u1ee9u sinh, bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111ang t\u00edch c\u1ef1c x\u1eed l\u00fd tin nh\u1eafn. Ch\u00fang hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb khi n\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111ang b\u1eadn v\u00e0 khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Tin nh\u1eafn: <\/b>Tin nh\u1eafn l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u0169i t\u00ean ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i huy\u1ebft m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb lu\u1ed3ng giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i tin nh\u1eafn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0:<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Tin nh\u1eafn \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9:<\/b> Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean li\u1ec1n n\u00e9t v\u00e0 cho bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee3i ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c.<\/span><\/p>\nTin nh\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9:<\/b> Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng m\u0169i t\u00ean n\u00e9t \u0111\u1ee9t v\u00e0 cho bi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1edd ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i.<\/span><\/p>\nTin nh\u1eafn tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1:<\/b> \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng m\u0169i t\u00ean n\u00e9t \u0111\u1ee9t v\u00e0 tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn nh\u00e3n, ch\u00fang th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eadn tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1.<\/span><\/p>\nTin nh\u1eafn t\u1ef1:<\/b> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tin nh\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u0169i t\u00ean v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p.<\/span><\/p>\n\n- K\u00edch ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 h\u1ee7y k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t:<\/b> Khi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng (\u0111ang x\u1eed l\u00fd tin nh\u1eafn), thanh k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 khi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng x\u1eed l\u00fd tin nh\u1eafn, thanh k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t s\u1ebd t\u1eaft.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- C\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn: <\/b>Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh vi c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n “alt” (thay th\u1ebf) v\u00e0 “v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p” \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p kh\u00e1c nhau trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/b> Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng d\u1ea5u “X” l\u1edbn tr\u00ean d\u00e2y c\u1ee9u sinh.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch cho nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n\n- M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Hi\u1ec3u h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i tin nh\u1eafn.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng tranh ho\u1eb7c t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan, bao g\u1ed3m nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kinh doanh.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. Ch\u00fang b\u1ed5 sung cho c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML kh\u00e1c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp (m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u0129nh) v\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ca s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng).<\/span><\/p>\nT\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam: S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":72,"featured_media":83596,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4437],"tags":[],"contributor":[4619],"class_list":["post-83595","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-viblog","contributor-paul-vanzandt-vi"],"yoast_head":"\nS\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 trong UML<\/title>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\n\t\n\t\n