{"id":82952,"date":"2023-05-17T14:12:53","date_gmt":"2023-05-17T18:12:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/viblog\/nghien-cuu-dinh-luong-la-gi\/"},"modified":"2024-06-11T02:56:39","modified_gmt":"2024-06-11T06:56:39","slug":"nghien-cuu-dinh-luong-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/vi\/viblog\/nghien-cuu-dinh-luong-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, v\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hay nh\u1ea5t"},"content":{"rendered":"
M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y r\u00fat ra nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc t\u1eeb c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn, m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh trong t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft, \u0111\u01b0a ra d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 r\u00fat ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t h\u00f3a, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc, kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee1 m\u1eabu \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c. Lu\u00f4n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt nh\u1eefng xu h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c tinh ch\u1ec9nh nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n th\u00f4ng tin ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh<\/b><\/p>\n D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/span><\/p>\n D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 3 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/span><\/p>\n V\u00ed d\u1ee5 1: N\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng doanh nghi\u1ec7p. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m \u0111ang tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi so v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng. <\/span><\/p>\n Th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, trang b\u1ecb cho c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh.<\/span><\/p>\n V\u00ed d\u1ee5 2: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe tinh th\u1ea7n<\/b><\/p>\n M\u1edf kh\u00f3a m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n, cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n. <\/span><\/p>\n Th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i m\u1ed5 x\u1ebb m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 s\u1eafc th\u00e1i gi\u1eefa ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe tinh th\u1ea7n. <\/span><\/p>\n Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i t\u00e2m l\u00fd m\u00e0 c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng cho c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111ang n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.<\/span><\/p>\n V\u00ed d\u1ee5 3: C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m m\u1edbi so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. <\/span><\/p>\n Th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau ki\u1ec3m tra, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u00ecm ra b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng cao, m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp.<\/span><\/p>\n V\u00ed d\u1ee5 4: \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Trong n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u00edch h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 th\u00f3i quen s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m GPA t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/span><\/p>\n Th\u00f4ng qua ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ed3i quy v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea kh\u00e1c, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, lo\u1ea1i n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a th\u00f3i quen h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1.<\/span><\/p>\n V\u00ed d\u1ee5 5: Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e2ng cao ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111i\u1ec1u tra t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y h\u00e0nh vi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u1edf thanh ni\u00ean. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p can thi\u1ec7p gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh cho m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m m\u1eabu v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh th\u00f3i quen ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/p>\n Th\u00f4ng qua ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea v\u1ec1 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh chi ti\u00eau v\u00e0 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c can thi\u1ec7p v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh vi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia. Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111ang t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch trao quy\u1ec1n cho c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/span><\/p>\n T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam: Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. C\u00f3 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: <\/span><\/p>\n C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, m\u1ed7i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ri\u00eang.<\/span><\/p>\n Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t: <\/b>Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, qua th\u01b0, qua \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c g\u1eb7p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9, h\u00e0nh vi, \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bv\u00e0 nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc.<\/span><\/p>\n M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t l\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, gi\u00fap c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m d\u00e2n c\u01b0. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 sai l\u1ec7ch ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i, trong \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c trung th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 sai l\u1ec7ch kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00f3m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00edt tham gia v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m:<\/b> C\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c thao t\u00e1c m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 quan t\u00e2m. C\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. C\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t cao \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nhu c\u1ea7u, trong \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd do c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/span><\/p>\n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quan s\u00e1t:<\/b> Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quan s\u00e1t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c quan s\u00e1t v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thao t\u00e1c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0o. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quan s\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quan s\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m.<\/span><\/p>\n M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quan s\u00e1t l\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quan s\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bc\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan s\u00e1t, trong \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan s\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u theo c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee7 quan v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan s\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0nh vi \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t.<\/span><\/p>\n Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u1ed9i dung: <\/b>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u1ed9i dung bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u1ed9i dung ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ho\u1eb7c video, \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u1ed9i dung c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1ch tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u1eabu trong d\u1eef li\u1ec7u truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/span><\/p>\n M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u1ed9i dung l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh trong n\u1ed9i dung truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u1ed9i dung c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 quan c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra l\u1ed7i ho\u1eb7c sai l\u1ec7ch trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/span><\/p>\n T\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc: <\/b>T\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch ho\u1eb7c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh. T\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00e2m l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p t\u00e2m l\u00fd.<\/span><\/p>\n M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p \u0111o t\u00e2m l\u00fd l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch quan \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u00e2m l\u00fd. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sai l\u1ec7ch ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng trong c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o.<\/span><\/p>\n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp cho c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u0103m d\u00f2 d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/a> . Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u1eddng nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u00edt t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/span><\/p>\n M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/span><\/p>\nNghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h2>\n
Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh<\/h2>\n
<\/p>\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h2>\n
1. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p<\/h3>\n
2. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ee5<\/h3>\n