{"id":82945,"date":"2023-05-18T04:46:03","date_gmt":"2023-05-18T08:46:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/viblog\/nghien-cuu-thi-truong-dinh-luong-la-gi\/"},"modified":"2024-06-20T04:56:52","modified_gmt":"2024-06-20T08:56:52","slug":"nghien-cuu-thi-truong-dinh-luong-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/vi\/viblog\/nghien-cuu-thi-truong-dinh-luong-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t"},"content":{"rendered":"
M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn kinh doanh kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t, th\u0103m d\u00f2 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1eb1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0:<\/span><\/p>\n \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/b><\/p>\n Lo\u1ea1i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kinh doanh. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng quan chung v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/span><\/p>\n B\u01b0\u1edbc 1. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u: <\/b>B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ho\u1eb7c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/span><\/p>\n B\u01b0\u1edbc 2. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u:<\/b> B\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/a> v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/span><\/p>\n B\u01b0\u1edbc 3. Thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: <\/b>Sau khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c cho nh\u00f3m m\u1eabu. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp.<\/span><\/p>\n B\u01b0\u1edbc 4. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/b> Sau khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ed3i quy, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan trong d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 r\u00fat ra nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc t\u1eeb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/span><\/p>\n B\u01b0\u1edbc 5. \u0110i \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn:<\/b> B\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/a> l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/span> \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 r\u00fat ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/span><\/p>\n T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam: Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u1ed7i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ri\u00eang. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/span><\/p>\n Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n th\u00f4ng qua b\u1ea3ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, qua th\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c qua \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i. Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00ec ch\u00fang cho ph\u00e9p doanh nghi\u1ec7p thu th\u1eadp l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p. Ch\u00fang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00f9y bi\u1ebfn cao, gi\u00fap \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi ho\u1eb7c th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m. M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, trong khi c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. C\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec1u cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/span><\/p>\n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quan s\u00e1t<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quan s\u00e1t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c quan s\u00e1t c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua quan s\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 camera ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb theo d\u00f5i. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quan s\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1n th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee1 m\u1eabu l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n V\u1edbi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c thu th\u1eadp thay v\u00ec t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i ng\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/a> , nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00edt t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh h\u01a1n c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quan s\u00e1t nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong h\u00e0nh vi ho\u1eb7c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng theo th\u1eddi gian. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1eaft ngang<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1eaft ngang li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m duy nh\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u so s\u00e1nh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1eaft ngang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean nh\u1ea5t:<\/span><\/p>\n 1. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00f3ng<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00f3ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn t\u1eeb danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00f3ng r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1ch quan v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea.<\/span><\/p>\n V\u00ed d\u1ee5: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean mua c\u00e0 ph\u00ea kh\u00f4ng?<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n 2. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi m\u1edf<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi m\u1edf l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi m\u1edf r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1eafc th\u00e1i, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0o \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh mua c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n?<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n 3. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi thang \u0111o Likert<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi thang \u0111o Likert l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho bi\u1ebft m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd hay kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean thang \u0111o. Thang \u0111o th\u01b0\u1eddng dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u1edf gi\u1eefa. C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi thang \u0111o Likert r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch cho vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/p>\n V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng mong \u0111\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. B\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 g\u00ec?<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n 4. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi thang \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi thang \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 theo thang s\u1ed1. C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi thang \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch cho vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/span><\/p>\n V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Tr\u00ean thang \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1eeb 1-10, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea1n gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cho b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n 5. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 tu\u1ed5i t\u00e1c, gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh, thu nh\u1eadp, tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc.<\/span><\/p>\n V\u00ed d\u1ee5: B\u1ea1n bao nhi\u00eau tu\u1ed5i?<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam: Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1ch quan v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p thang \u0111o \u0111\u00f3ng, m\u1edf, thang \u0111o Likert, thang \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc, doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9, s\u1edf th\u00edch v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hay nh\u1ea5t trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hay nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\nNghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n
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C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h2>\n
Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h2>\n
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V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h2>\n
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9 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hay nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h2>\n
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