{"id":82850,"date":"2023-07-07T06:46:35","date_gmt":"2023-07-07T10:46:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/viblog\/thiet-ke-nghien-cuu-dinh-luong\/"},"modified":"2024-06-20T08:43:09","modified_gmt":"2024-06-20T12:43:09","slug":"thiet-ke-nghien-cuu-dinh-luong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/vi\/viblog\/thiet-ke-nghien-cuu-dinh-luong\/","title":{"rendered":"Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, lo\u1ea1i, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hay nh\u1ea5t"},"content":{"rendered":"
M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc, kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u00f3 nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf, bao g\u1ed3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t h\u00f3a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n cho qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u1ea1m tr\u00f9 v\u00e0 ph\u00e9p \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span><\/p>\n C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/b><\/p>\n Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh sau:<\/span><\/p>\n C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1c nhau. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn:<\/span><\/p>\n Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c thao t\u00e1c m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00ean m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c trong khi ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean v\u00e0o c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 nh\u00f3m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, tuy nhi\u00ean n\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m. Nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp l\u00ean m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp quan h\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb.<\/span><\/p>\n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng qua b\u1ea3ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia. Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu \u00edch cho vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9, \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bv\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/span><\/p>\n Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan \u0111i\u1ec1u tra m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa hai ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tham gia v\u00e0o thao t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u01b0\u1edbng li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7.<\/span><\/p>\n Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c nh\u00f3m trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh theo th\u1eddi gian, cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh theo h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ed3i c\u1ee9u (nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i) ho\u1eb7c tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng (theo d\u00f5i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai).<\/span><\/p>\n Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1eaft ngang thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m duy nh\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0nh vi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh trong d\u00e2n s\u1ed1.<\/span><\/p>\n Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf h\u1eadu k\u1ef3 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i t\u1ea7m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. Nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u1ed3i c\u1ee9u. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y h\u1eefu \u00edch khi vi\u1ec7c g\u00e1n ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c thao t\u00e1c c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 thi ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/p>\n T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam: Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1 trong<\/span> nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/span><\/a>. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/span><\/p>\n T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam: Quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u00ednh th\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/span><\/p>\n 1. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/b><\/p>\n X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ho\u1eb7c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh (c\u00e1c) c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft th\u00f4ng qua nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/a> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n 2. R\u00e0 so\u00e1t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3<\/b><\/p>\n Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng gi\u00fap l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n 3. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/b><\/p>\n D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, h\u00e3y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh xem thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, b\u00e1n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan hay thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 thi, c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c s\u1eb5n c\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n 4. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft<\/b><\/p>\n X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng t\u1eebng bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 (ch\u00fang s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c quan s\u00e1t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o). Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft n\u00eau r\u00f5 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bgi\u1eefa c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n 5. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu<\/b><\/p>\nThi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n
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C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h2>\n
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Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h2>\n
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Quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: 10 b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh<\/h2>\n
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