M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n
C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c (CIP) ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c (CIM), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c quy tr\u00ecnh theo th\u1eddi gian. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf, t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\nC\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c bao g\u1ed3m:<\/b><\/p>\n\n- Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i: <\/b>C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf, t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chu tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c bao g\u1ed3m l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- S\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean: <\/b>N\u00f3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: <\/b>C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay v\u00ec gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1: <\/b>N\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 khi ch\u00fang ph\u00e1t sinh, c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Tri\u1ebft l\u00fd Kaizen: <\/b>C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi tri\u1ebft l\u00fd Kaizen, m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cthay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n\u201d. Kaizen t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf, li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh v\u0103n h\u00f3a: <\/b>N\u00f3 v\u1eeba l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 duy v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u1eeba l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn. C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e2ng cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- L\u1ea5y kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m: <\/b>C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 s\u1ef1 mong \u0111\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng: <\/b>C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tham gia c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. H\u1ecd nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kinh doanh r\u1ea5t n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh c\u1ea1nh tranh.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Lean v\u00e0 Six Sigma: <\/b>Lean v\u00e0 Six Sigma l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. Lean t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh, trong khi Six Sigma nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft trong c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- V\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i: <\/b>C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i \u1edf c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh. Vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean: <\/b>C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean theo c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bc\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- C\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau: <\/b>C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. C\u00e1c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng chung c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- S\u1ef1 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng: <\/b>C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ch\u1ec9 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cam k\u1ebft l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng, cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kinh doanh \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/span><\/p>\nM\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/h2>\n
C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. M\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i l\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch-Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n-Ki\u1ec3m tra-H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng (PDCA), c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Chu tr\u00ecnh Deming ho\u1eb7c Chu tr\u00ecnh Shewhart. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi Walter Shewhart v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i b\u1edfi W. Edwards Deming, chu tr\u00ecnh PDCA l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 chu tr\u00ecnh PDCA:<\/span><\/p>\n1. K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch (P)<\/b><\/p>\n\n- X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bc\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: Thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e2n t\u00edch: Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- \u0110\u1eb7t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau: Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
2. L\u00e0m (D)<\/b><\/p>\n\n- Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i: Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1edf quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u: Ghi l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ecdi sai l\u1ec7ch so v\u1edbi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean: Cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
3. Ki\u1ec3m tra (C)<\/b><\/p>\n\n- \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3: \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i so v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- So s\u00e1nh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: So s\u00e1nh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u sau tri\u1ec3n khai v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch: Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1ecdi sai l\u1ec7ch so v\u1edbi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3: \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 xem nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
4. \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt (A)<\/b><\/p>\n\n- Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i: N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ecf ra th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, h\u00e3y chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ch\u00fang v\u00e0o c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Tri\u1ec3n khai r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i: M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf quy m\u00f4 r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Ghi l\u1ea1i b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m: Ghi l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3 m\u1edbi: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho chu k\u1ef3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Chu tr\u00ecnh PDCA l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n chu tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, tinh ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh theo th\u1eddi gian. C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c v\u0103n h\u00f3a, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/p>\nM\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 Lean Six Sigma, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Lean (t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed) v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Six Sigma (nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3). Quy tr\u00ecnh DMAIC (X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng, Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t) trong Lean Six Sigma l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/span><\/p>\nC\u1ea3 chu tr\u00ecnh PDCA v\u00e0 Lean Six Sigma \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/span><\/p>\nT\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam: Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng xanh l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n9 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/h2>\n
C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac cho c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd theo th\u1eddi gian. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i:<\/span><\/p>\n1. PDCA (L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch-Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n-Ki\u1ec3m tra-\u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt)<\/b><\/p>\n\n- L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- N\u00ean: Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf, ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u00e0 thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Ki\u1ec3m tra: \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, so s\u00e1nh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch sai l\u1ec7ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng: Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i, tri\u1ec3n khai r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3 m\u1edbi. Chu tr\u00ecnh PDCA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c tinh ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
2. Lean<\/b><\/p>\n\n- Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc: Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Lean nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5: C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f2ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, 5S (S\u1eafp x\u1ebfp, S\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, S\u00e1ng s\u1ee7a, Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a, Duy tr\u00ec) v\u00e0 Kanban, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng trong c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
3. S\u00e1u Sigma<\/b><\/p>\n\n- DMAIC (X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng, Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t): M\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac trong Six Sigma.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh: N\u00eau r\u00f5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng: Thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u00e0 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch: Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n: Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t: Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
4. Kaizen<\/b><\/p>\n\n- Tri\u1ebft l\u00fd: Kaizen, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cthay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n\u201d trong ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tri\u1ebft l\u00fd nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n: C\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o Kaizen t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u0111a ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
5. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n (TQM)<\/b><\/p>\n\n- Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc: TQM l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- H\u1ecdc t\u1eadp li\u00ean t\u1ee5c: TQM th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y v\u0103n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, n\u01a1i nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
6. L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c (TOC)<\/b><\/p>\n\n- X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf: TOC t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt c\u00e1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf l\u00e0m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- N\u0103m b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eadp trung: N\u0103m b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eadp trung c\u1ee7a TOC bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c, khai th\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c, \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c, n\u00e2ng cao h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
7. Hoshin Kanri (Tri\u1ec3n khai ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch)<\/b><\/p>\n\n- S\u1ef1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft: Hoshin Kanri g\u1eafn k\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng ban v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c: Bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
8. 5 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao<\/b><\/p>\n\n- Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5: 5 Whys l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecfi “T\u1ea1i sao?” nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1: B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i di\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
9. Scrum (Khung Agile)<\/b><\/p>\n\n- L\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n: Scrum l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 linh ho\u1ea1t t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 h\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c n\u00e0y d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u1edf m\u1ecdi c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00edch c\u1ef1c.<\/span><\/p>\n16 b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/h2>\n
Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c bao g\u1ed3m n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c quy tr\u00ecnh theo th\u1eddi gian. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 chung m\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu\u00e2n theo \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c:<\/span><\/p>\nB\u01b0\u1edbc 1. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/b><\/p>\n
Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. <\/span>C\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/span><\/p>\nB\u01b0\u1edbc 2. T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m \u0111a ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/b><\/p>\n
T\u1eadp h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m \u0111a ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng ban v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau. <\/span>Bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111a d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/p>\nB\u01b0\u1edbc 3. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn<\/b><\/p>\n
X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafm m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn. <\/span>Xem x\u00e9t ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean, kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan kh\u00e1c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/p>\nB\u01b0\u1edbc 4. Thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/b><\/p>\n
Thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. <\/span>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn ho\u1eb7c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/p>\nB\u01b0\u1edbc 5. \u0110\u1eb7t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn<\/b><\/p>\n
Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. <\/span>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh (KPI) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\nB\u01b0\u1edbc 6. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn<\/b><\/p>\n
X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bho\u1eb7c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. <\/span>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/p>\nB\u01b0\u1edbc 7. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n (Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n)<\/b><\/p>\n
Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1edf quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. <\/span>Ghi l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ho\u1eb7c sai l\u1ec7ch so v\u1edbi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/span><\/p>\nv8. \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp. <\/span>