{"id":68917,"date":"2022-03-16T12:42:23","date_gmt":"2022-03-16T16:42:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ideascale.com\/blogues\/differents-types-de-diagrammes-duml\/"},"modified":"2024-01-16T02:44:50","modified_gmt":"2024-01-16T06:44:50","slug":"differents-types-de-diagrammes-duml","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/fr\/blogues\/differents-types-de-diagrammes-duml\/","title":{"rendered":"La liste compl\u00e8te des 14 types de diagrammes UML"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><\/p>\n&#13;\n<h2 class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\">14 Types of UML Diagrams<\/h2>&#13;\n<p>Le syst\u00e8me de langage de mod\u00e9lisation unifi\u00e9 (UML) est la norme industrielle pour simplifier l&rsquo;architecture des logiciels. Il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;un ensemble de techniques de notation graphique sp\u00e9cifiques permettant de repr\u00e9senter des mod\u00e8les visuels d&rsquo;\u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes logiciels complexes. Les d\u00e9veloppeurs utilisent diff\u00e9rents types de diagrammes pour illustrer divers aspects des syst\u00e8mes logiciels et chacun d&rsquo;entre eux est souvent construit avec diff\u00e9rents types de diagrammes UML.<\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p>Selon le type de diagramme UML, il peut ou non inclure des composants logiciels et mat\u00e9riels. Dans cet article, nous aborderons les 14 diff\u00e9rents types de diagrammes UML.<\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\"><b>Two Broad Categories<\/b><\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p>UML 2.2 est la derni\u00e8re norme accept\u00e9e dans l&rsquo;ensemble du secteur. Il comprend 14 types d&rsquo;UML, chacun r\u00e9pondant \u00e0 des objectifs sp\u00e9cifiques. Ces 14 cat\u00e9gories se r\u00e9partissent en deux groupes principaux : UML statique et UML dynamique.<\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p>Le type statique est \u00e9galement connu sous le nom de diagrammes structurels. L&rsquo;autre nom du diagramme UML dynamique est UML comportemental.<\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\">Diagrammes structurels ou statiques Sous-types<\/h3>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p>L&rsquo;UML statique repr\u00e9sente diverses interpr\u00e9tations de l&rsquo;architecture logicielle lorsqu&rsquo;elle n&rsquo;est pas active. La vue statique d\u00e9finit les composants et les classes comme des unit\u00e9s discr\u00e8tes mais interconnect\u00e9es. Selon le type de repr\u00e9sentation, les diagrammes structurels peuvent \u00eatre de sept sous-types.<\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">&#13;\n<li>Diagramme de classes<\/li>&#13;\n<\/ul>&#13;\n<ul>&#13;\n<li>Diagramme d&rsquo;objets<\/li>&#13;\n<\/ul>&#13;\n<ul>&#13;\n<li>Diagramme de d\u00e9ploiement<\/li>&#13;\n<\/ul>&#13;\n<ul>&#13;\n<li>Diagramme de structure composite<\/li>&#13;\n<\/ul>&#13;\n<ul>&#13;\n<li>Sch\u00e9ma de l&#8217;emballage<\/li>&#13;\n<\/ul>&#13;\n<ul>&#13;\n<li>Diagramme de profil<\/li>&#13;\n<\/ul>&#13;\n<ul>&#13;\n<li>Diagramme des composants<\/li>&#13;\n<\/ul>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\"><b>Class Diagram<\/b><\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p>Les diagrammes de classes sont les diagrammes UML les plus courants. Ils classent les composants en diff\u00e9rentes classes, m\u00e9thodes et attributs cl\u00e9s. La relation entre ces \u00e9l\u00e9ments est essentielle et c&rsquo;est en partie ce qui rend le diagramme de classes unique.<\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\"><b>Object Diagram<\/b><\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p>Le diagramme UML objet pr\u00e9sente l&rsquo;\u00e9tat de l&rsquo;architecture statique du logiciel \u00e0 un moment donn\u00e9 d&rsquo;une fonction. Ces diagrammes affichent \u00e9galement la relation fixe entre les diff\u00e9rentes classes et relient les \u00e9l\u00e9ments de la m\u00eame mani\u00e8re que le diagramme de classes. La comparaison entre le diagramme d&rsquo;objets et la vue des classes permet de v\u00e9rifier l&rsquo;exactitude de la solution logicielle.<\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\"><b>Deployment Diagram<\/b><\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p>Le diagramme de d\u00e9ploiement traite de l&rsquo;ensemble du d\u00e9ploiement de l&rsquo;architecture logicielle, y compris les composants logiciels et mat\u00e9riels. Il est particuli\u00e8rement utile lors du d\u00e9ploiement de syst\u00e8mes logiciels sur des r\u00e9seaux informatiques aux configurations vari\u00e9es.<\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\"><b>Composite Structure Diagram<\/b><\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p>Le diagramme de structure composite pr\u00e9sente la structure interne des diff\u00e9rentes classes. Le tableau d\u00e9taill\u00e9 pr\u00e9sente une image compl\u00e8te des classificateurs, y compris les pi\u00e8ces, les ports et les connecteurs. Ces diagrammes sont similaires aux diagrammes de classes, mais l&rsquo;approche est plus granulaire. Ici, l&rsquo;accent est mis sur la pr\u00e9sentation des composants individuels des classes plut\u00f4t que sur les connexions \u00e9tendues entre les \u00e9l\u00e9ments.<\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\"><b>Package Diagram<\/b><\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p>En UML, un paquet fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 un groupe d&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e9ments pertinents. Il s&rsquo;agit de documents, de classes et d&rsquo;autres paquets. Chaque \u00e9l\u00e9ment a une position sp\u00e9cifique dans la hi\u00e9rarchie des paquets. Ces paquets sont repr\u00e9sent\u00e9s sous la forme d&rsquo;un dossier de fichiers en UML et constituent l&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e9ment central du diagramme de paquets.<\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\"><b>Profile Diagram<\/b><\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p>Le diagramme de profil est un sous-type relativement nouveau introduit dans UML 2. Il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;un m\u00e9canisme g\u00e9n\u00e9rique permettant d&rsquo;\u00e9tendre les mod\u00e8les UML \u00e0 des domaines particuliers. Par exemple, il peut y avoir des diagrammes de profil distincts pour les syst\u00e8mes logiciels de l&rsquo;a\u00e9rospatiale et de la sant\u00e9, repr\u00e9sentant les attributs propres \u00e0 ces domaines.<\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\"><b>Component Diagram<\/b><\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p>Le diagramme des composants pr\u00e9sente les connexions structurelles entre les diff\u00e9rents composants du syst\u00e8me logiciel. Il montre \u00e9galement les interfaces et les connecteurs de l&rsquo;architecture logicielle.<\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\">Diagrammes UML comportementaux Sous-types<\/h3>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p>Le diagramme UML comportemental pr\u00e9sente l&rsquo;\u00e9tat de l&rsquo;architecture logicielle lorsqu&rsquo;elle est utilis\u00e9e. Il existe quatre sous-types principaux.<\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">&#13;\n<li>Diagramme de machine d&rsquo;\u00e9tat<\/li>&#13;\n<\/ul>&#13;\n<ul>&#13;\n<li>Diagramme d&rsquo;activit\u00e9<\/li>&#13;\n<\/ul>&#13;\n<ul>&#13;\n<li>Diagramme des cas d&rsquo;utilisation<\/li>&#13;\n<\/ul>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p>Le dernier type est le diagramme d&rsquo;interaction. Le diagramme UML d&rsquo;interaction comprend quatre sous-types.<\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">&#13;\n<li>Diagramme de s\u00e9quence<\/li>&#13;\n<\/ul>&#13;\n<ul>&#13;\n<li>Sch\u00e9ma de communication<\/li>&#13;\n<\/ul>&#13;\n<ul>&#13;\n<li>Diagramme de synth\u00e8se des interactions<\/li>&#13;\n<\/ul>&#13;\n<ul>&#13;\n<li>Diagramme de temps<\/li>&#13;\n<\/ul>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\"><b>State Machine Diagram<\/b><\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p>Ce mode repr\u00e9sente les objets \u00e0 diff\u00e9rents \u00e9tats \u00e0 un moment donn\u00e9 de l&rsquo;op\u00e9ration. Il est essentiel d&rsquo;afficher les transitions d&rsquo;\u00e9tats finis.<\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\"><b>Activity Diagram<\/b><\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p>Ce mod\u00e8le UML pr\u00e9sente le flux de travail au sein du syst\u00e8me logiciel. Le flux de contr\u00f4le d&rsquo;un point \u00e0 un autre du syst\u00e8me logiciel est essentiel pour comprendre son fonctionnement.<\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\"><b>Use Case Diagram<\/b><\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p>Ces diagrammes repr\u00e9sentent l&rsquo;image compl\u00e8te de l&rsquo;activit\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me impliquant des cas d&rsquo;utilisation et des acteurs (utilisateurs). Il montre les diff\u00e9rentes fonctions r\u00e9alis\u00e9es sous l&rsquo;influence des acteurs.<\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\"><b>Sequence Diagram<\/b><\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p>Ce diagramme UML pr\u00e9sente les interactions entre les diff\u00e9rents objets de la hi\u00e9rarchie du logiciel. Les fl\u00e8ches sont utilis\u00e9es pour repr\u00e9senter les interactions entre diff\u00e9rents processus.<\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\"><b>Communication Diagram<\/b><\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p>Ce type de diagramme d&rsquo;interaction se concentre sur les messages transmis entre les objets du syst\u00e8me logiciel.<\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\"><b>Interaction Overview Diagram<\/b><\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p>Ces diagrammes sont similaires aux diagrammes d&rsquo;activit\u00e9s, mais ils repr\u00e9sentent une plus grande \u00e9chelle. Ils repr\u00e9sentent une s\u00e9quence de diagrammes d&rsquo;interaction du syst\u00e8me dynamique. Il montre \u00e9galement les s\u00e9ries d&rsquo;actions en simplifiant les interactions complexes en repr\u00e9sentations graphiques simples.<\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\"><b>Timing Diagram<\/b><\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p>Ce sous-type de diagramme d&rsquo;interaction d\u00e9crit le comportement de l&rsquo;objet dans un intervalle de temps sp\u00e9cifique. Il est essentiel d&rsquo;interpr\u00e9ter les transitions d&rsquo;\u00e9tat et le comportement des objets en tenant compte des contraintes de dur\u00e9e.<\/p>&#13;\n<p><strong><b>En savoir plus : <a href=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/fr\/blogues\/uml-diagram-definition\/\">Qu&rsquo;est-ce qu&rsquo;un diagramme UML ?<\/a><\/b><\/strong><\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\">Conclusion<\/h2>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p>Si vous avez un cas d&rsquo;utilisation particulier qui doit \u00eatre mod\u00e9lis\u00e9 visuellement, l&rsquo;un des diff\u00e9rents types de diagrammes UML r\u00e9pondra probablement \u00e0 vos besoins sp\u00e9cifiques. Si vous avez aim\u00e9 cet article, n&rsquo;h\u00e9sitez pas \u00e0 consulter nos autres articles sur les avantages de l&rsquo;utilisation d&rsquo;UML.<\/p>&#13;\n<p><\/p><\/p>\n<p>\n&#13;\n<p><strong><\/strong><\/p><p><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Il existe de nombreux types de diagrammes UML, tous dot\u00e9s d&rsquo;une structure et d&rsquo;objectifs sp\u00e9cifiques. D\u00e9couvrez-les tous sur Fresco.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":72,"featured_media":68918,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3036],"tags":[],"contributor":[3120],"class_list":["post-68917","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blogues","contributor-paul-vanzandt-fr"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>La liste compl\u00e8te des 14 types de diagrammes UML<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Il existe de nombreux types de diagrammes UML, tous dot\u00e9s d&#039;une structure et d&#039;objectifs sp\u00e9cifiques. 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