{"id":75165,"date":"2023-12-01T14:57:59","date_gmt":"2023-12-01T18:57:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ideascale.com\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%af%d9%88%d9%86%d8%a9\/%d9%85%d8%a7-%d9%87%d9%88-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%87%d9%8a%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b9%d9%8a\/"},"modified":"2024-02-22T06:08:10","modified_gmt":"2024-02-22T10:08:10","slug":"%d9%85%d8%a7-%d9%87%d9%88-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%87%d9%8a%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b9%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%af%d9%88%d9%86%d8%a9\/%d9%85%d8%a7-%d9%87%d9%88-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%87%d9%8a%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b9%d9%8a\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u061f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p><strong><b>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"awb-toc-el awb-toc-el--1\" data-awb-toc-id=\"1\" data-awb-toc-options=\"{&quot;allowed_heading_tags&quot;:{&quot;h2&quot;:0},&quot;ignore_headings&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;ignore_headings_words&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;enable_cache&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;highlight_current_heading&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;hide_hidden_titles&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;limit_container&quot;:&quot;post_content&quot;,&quot;select_custom_headings&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:&quot;fa-flag fas&quot;,&quot;counter_type&quot;:&quot;decimal&quot;}\" style=\"--awb-counter-type:counters(awb-toc, &quot;.&quot;, decimal) &quot;. &quot;;\"><div class=\"awb-toc-el__content\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><h2 id=\"toc_What_is_Crowdsourcing\" class=\"\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u061f<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0633\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u062f&#8221;. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u064a\u062d\u0634\u062f:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0632:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0622\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0647\u0645.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u062f. \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646. \u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631. \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628. \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc_Types_of_Crowdsourcing\" class=\"\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\">\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0648\u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>1. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 Kickstarter \u0648Indiegogo \u0648GoFundMe.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>2. \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644. \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 Threadless\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>3. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 LEGO\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 LEGO \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>4. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  \u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0634\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644. Amazon Mechanical Turk \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u062c\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>5. \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627. Zooniverse \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>6. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c. \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 Innocentive \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>7. \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c. \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0645\u062b\u0644 Augur \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 Good Judgment Open \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>8. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0634\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 uTest \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>9. \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0648\u062f:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621. \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 Google \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>10. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0634\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 Spigit \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0634\u062f \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 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\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>  \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f 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\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>  \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639: \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>1. \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a. \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>2. \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 (GitHub\u060c GitLab\u060c Bitbucket)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 Linux \u0648Mozilla Firefox \u0648Apache Hadoop \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>3. \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a (Kickstarter\u060c Indiegogo\u060c GoFundMe)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639. \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>4. \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u062c\u0648\u062c\u0644 (\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 Google \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>5. Threadless (\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 Threadless \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>6. Innocentive (\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 Innocentive \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062d\u0644 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>7. Foldit (\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0649 Foldit \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>8. Zooniverse (\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d Zooniverse \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>9. \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 LEGO (\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 LEGO)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 LEGO Ideas \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 LEGO \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0645. \u064a\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 LEGO \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>10. Amazon Mechanical Turk (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 Amazon Mechanical Turk \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;Turkers&#8221;\u060c \u0628\u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc_Crowdsourcing_Best_Practices_How_It_Works\" class=\"\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\">\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d. \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0643:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631. \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643 \u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646. \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0632:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0632 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0623\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0622\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646. \u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631. \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 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\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0646\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u062f \u0644\u062c\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631. \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 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\u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f: <a class=\"in-cell-link\" href=\"https:\/\/ideascale.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%af%d9%88%d9%86%d8%a9\/%d9%85%d8%a7-%d9%87%d9%88-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%87%d9%8a%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b9%d9%8a-%d9%84%d9%84%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1%d8%a9\/\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a 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